Workshop Recap: Common Mycotoxin Testing Errors and How to Address Them

During the VIV Asia 2025 in Bangkok, industry experts gathered to tackle one of the most pressing issues in agriculture and animal husbandry: mycotoxin testing. The workshop offered both seasoned professionals and newcomers an in‐depth look at why mycotoxins are a critical concern and how to improve testing practices to safeguard food and feed safety.

Setting the Stage

The session opened with an overview of mycotoxins - naturally occurring toxins produced by fungi - and their global impact. Emphasis was placed on the unique challenges in the Asia-Pacific region, where a humid climate and diverse agricultural practices amplify risks. Over 400 known mycotoxins can contaminate a wide range of raw materials, making proactive and accurate testing essential, especially against the backdrop of climate change and extreme weather events.

Understanding Mycotoxin Risks

Key insights were shared on:

• Common Mycotoxins: Including aflatoxin, deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone, fumonisin, ochratoxin A, and T-2 toxin.
• Contamination Points: Mycotoxins can occur both on-field and during storage. Their uneven distribution within a batch means that even visually clean products can harbor dangerous levels.

Regulatory Landscape

While APAC countries largely base their regulations on Codex Alimentarius, local variations exist to account for different dietary patterns and health priorities. This patchwork of standards underscores the need for robust testing methods that keep pace with evolving guidelines and rising contamination levels driven by weather extremes.

Unpacking Testing Pitfalls

A significant portion of the presentation was dedicated to exploring common errors in mycotoxin testing:

• Sampling Errors: A real-world case illustrated how improper sampling - failing to capture the “real” contamination in a shipment—can lead to false-negative results. Detailed strategies were shared on how to ensure sampling represents the entire lot, including multi-point sampling and aggregate sample preparation.
• Storage and Transportation: The impact of high moisture, temperature, and poor aeration during storage can rapidly elevate mycotoxin levels. Practical advice included maintaining optimal storage conditions and continuous monitoring.
• Sample Preparation Challenges: Issues such as inadequate grinding and non-uniform particle sizes can compromise extraction efficiency, leading to underestimated contamination levels.
• Matrix Effects: In finished feed testing, the presence of fats, proteins, and oils can interfere with rapid tests, underscoring the importance of raw material testing for early risk management.
• Test Execution Errors: Under time pressure, even slight deviations in incubation or reagent handling can skew results. Emphasis was placed on strict adherence to standardized protocols, proper training, and validation of any procedural changes.

Best Practices and Innovative Solutions

To mitigate these risks, the workshop shared several actionable recommendations:

• Robust Sampling Protocols: Follow guidelines from the USDA FGIS and EU regulations to ensure representative sampling.
• Optimized Sample Preparation: Adhere to manufacturer guidelines for grinding and prepare samples consistently to ensure reliable extraction.
• Combining Rapid and Confirmatory Testing: Use lateral flow devices for quick screening, backed by confirmatory analysis through accredited labs (e.g., LC-MS/MS) when needed.
• Leveraging Technology: Romer Labs showcased the AgraStrip® Pro WATEX® mycotoxin test kits, which streamline sample preparation, reduce operator error, and enhance connectivity via blockchain-enabled test strips and data management systems.

Takeaway

The workshop was a call-to-action for all stakeholders in the food and feed industries to elevate their mycotoxin testing practices. By addressing common pitfalls and implementing standardized, innovative approaches, producers can better manage risks, protect consumer and animal health, and meet stringent regulatory standards. For those who attended and those who couldn’t make it, these insights provide a roadmap for improving testing accuracy and ensuring the safety of agricultural products in a challenging, evolving landscape.